Merge branch 'master' into find

README.md

@@ -41,21 +41,22 @@ for the most common UNIX / Linux / OSX / SunOS commands.
 You can access these pages on your computer using one of the following clients:
 
 - [Node.js client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr-node-client) : `npm install -g tldr`
-- [Python client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr-python-client) : `pip install tldr`
-- [Python client](https://github.com/lord63/tldr.py): `pip install tldr.py`
+- Python clients:
+  - [tldr-python-client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr-python-client) : `pip install tldr`
+  - [tldr.py](https://github.com/lord63/tldr.py): `pip install tldr.py`
 - [Go client](https://github.com/pranavraja/tldr): `go get github.com/pranavraja/tldr`
-  or [platform binaries](https://github.com/pranavraja/tldr/releases)
-- [Elixir client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr_elixir_client): binaries available soon
+  (or [platform binaries](https://github.com/pranavraja/tldr/releases))
+- [Elixir client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr_elixir_client) (binaries not yet available)
 - [C++ client](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr-cpp-client): `brew tap tldr-pages/tldr && brew install tldr`
-- Android client:
+- Android clients:
   - [tldr-viewer](https://github.com/gianasista/tldr-viewer), available on
     [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.gianasista.tldr_viewer)
   - [tldroid](https://github.com/hidroh/tldroid), available on
     [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.github.hidroh.tldroid)
 - [Ruby client](https://github.com/YellowApple/tldrb): `gem install tldrb`
 - [R client](https://github.com/kirillseva/tldrrr): `devtools::install_github('kirillseva/tldrrr')`
-- [Web client](https://github.com/ostera/tldr.js): try tldr on your browser
-  [here](https://ostera.github.io/tldr.js)!
+- [Dart client](https://github.com/hterkelsen/tldr): `pub global activate tldr`
+- [Web client](https://github.com/ostera/tldr.jsx): https://ostera.github.io/tldr.jsx
 
 Let us know if you are building one and we can add it to this list!
 

pages/common/ar.md

@@ -2,10 +2,22 @@
 
 > Create, modify, and extract from archives (.a .so .o)
 
-- Extract members of the archive
+- Extract all members from an archive
 
-`ar -x libfoo.a`
+`ar -x {{libfoo.a}}`
 
-- List the content (files) of libfoo.a
+- List the members of an archive
 
-`ar -t libfoo.a`
+`ar -t {{libfoo.a}}`
+
+- Replace or add files to an archive
+
+`ar -r {{libfoo.a}} {{foo.o}} {{bar.o}} {{baz.o}}`
+
+- Insert an object file index (equivalent to using `ranlib`)
+
+`ar -s {{libfoo.a}}`
+
+- Create an archive with files and an accompanying object file index
+
+`ar -rs {{libfoo.a}} {{foo.o}} {{bar.o}} {{baz.o}}`

pages/common/bashmarks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# bashmarks
+
+> Save and jump to commonly used directories using 1 character commands.
+
+- List available bookmarks
+
+`l`
+
+- Save the current folder as "bookmark_name"
+
+`s {{bookmark_name}}`
+
+- Go to a bookmarked folder
+
+`g {{bookmark_name}}`
+
+- Print a bookmarked folder's contents
+
+`p {{bookmark_name}}`
+
+- Delete a bookmark
+
+`d {{bookmark_name}}`

pages/common/cat.md

@@ -2,10 +2,14 @@
 
 > Print and concatenate files.
 
-- Print the contents of *file1* to the standard output
+- Print the contents of a file to the standard output
 
-`cat {{file1}}`
+`cat {{file}}`
 
 - Concatenate several files into the target file.
 
 `cat {{file1}} {{file2}} > {{target-file}}`
+
+- Append serveral files into the target file.
+
+`cat {{file1}} {{file2}} >> {{target-file}}`

pages/common/convert.md

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 
 `convert {{image.png}} -resize 50% {{image2.png}}`
 
+- Scale an image keeping the original aspect ratio to a maximum dimension of 640x480.
+
+`convert {{image.png}} -resize 640x480 {{image2.png}}`
+
 - Horizontally append images
 
 `convert {{image1.png}} {{image2.png}} {{image3.png}} +append {{image123.png}}`

pages/common/gem.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 - Install specific version of a gem
 
-`gem install -v={{0.0.15}}`
+`gem install {{gemname}} -v {{1.0.0}}`
 
 - Update a gem
 

pages/common/gradle.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Gradle
+
+> Gradle is the official build system for Android Studio
+
+- Compile a package
+
+`gradle build`
+
+- Clear the build folder
+
+`gradle clean`
+
+- Compile and Release package
+
+`gradle assembleRelease`

pages/common/host.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# host
+
+> Lookup Domain Name Server
+
+- Lookup A, AAAA, and MX records of a domain
+
+`host {{domain}}`
+
+- Lookup a field (CNAME, TXT,...) of a domain
+
+`host -t {{field}} {{domain}}`
+
+- Reverse lookup an IP
+
+`host {{ip_address}}`

pages/common/last.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# last
+
+> View the last logged in users
+
+- view last logins, their duration  and other information as read from /var/log/wtmp
+
+`last`
+
+- specify how many of the last logins to show
+
+`last -n {{login_count}}`
+
+- view full login times and dates
+
+`last -F`
+
+- view the last login by a specific user
+
+`last {{user_name}}`
+
+- view the last reboot (last login of the pseudo user reboot)
+
+`last reboot`
+
+- view the last shutdown (last login of the pseudo user shutdown)
+
+`last shutdown`

pages/common/nmap.md

@@ -1,19 +1,28 @@
 # nmap
 
-> Network exploration tool and security / port scanner
+> Network exploration tool and security / port scanner.
+> Some features only activate when Nmap is run with privileges.
 
-- scan open ports of a single host
+- Try to determine whether the specified hosts are up and what are their names.
 
-`nmap {{192.168.0.1}}`
+`nmap -sn {{ip_or_hostname}} {{optional_another_address}}`
 
-- discover hosts in the 192.168.0.X area (no port scan)
+- Like above, but also run a default 1000-port TCP scan if host seems up.
 
-`nmap -sn {{192.168.0.1/24}}`
+`nmap {{ip_or_hostname}} {{optional_another_address}}`
 
-- faster scan of a single host (scans for common ports)
+- Also enable service detection, OS fingerprinting and traceroute.
 
-`nmap -F {{192.168.0.1}}`
+`nmap -A {{address_or_addresses}}`
 
-- faster scan of a subnet (scans for common ports)
+- Assume good network connection and speed up execution:
 
-`nmap -F {{192.168.0.1/24}}`
+`nmap -T4 {{address_or_addresses}}`
+
+- Scan a specific list of ports (use -p- for all ports 1-65535)
+
+`nmap -p {{port1,port2,...,portN}} {{address_or_addresses}}`
+
+- Perform TCP and UDP scanning (use -sU for UDP only, -sZ for SCTP, -sO for IP):
+
+`nmap -sSU {{address_or_addresses}}`

pages/common/npm.md

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 
 `npm install`
 
+- Download and install a module globally
+
+`npm install -g {{module_name}}`
+
 - Download a given dependency, and add it to the package.json
 
 `npm install {{module_name}}@{{version}} --save`

pages/common/parallel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# GNU Parallel
+
+> Run commands on multiple CPU cores
+
+- gzip several files at once, using all cores
+
+`parallel gzip ::: {{file1}} {{file2}} {{file3}}`
+
+- read arguments from stdin, run 4 jobs at once
+
+`ls *.txt | parallel -j4 gzip`
+
+- Convert JPG images to PNG using replacement strings
+
+`parallel convert {} {.}.png ::: *.jpg`
+
+- parallel xargs, cram as many args as possible onto one command
+
+`{{args}} | parallel -X {{command}}`
+
+- break stdin into ~1M blocks, feed each block to stdin of new command
+
+`cat {{bigfile.txt}} | parallel --pipe --block 1M {{command}}`
+
+- run on multiple machines via SSH
+
+`parallel -S {{machine1}},{{machine2}} {{command}} ::: {{arg1}} {{arg2}}`

pages/common/passwd.md

@@ -2,18 +2,18 @@
 
 > passwd is a tool used to change a user's password.
 
-* Change the password of the current user
+- Change the password of the current user
 
 `passwd {{new password}}`
 
-* Change the password of the specified user
+- Change the password of the specified user
 
 `passwd {{username}} {{new password}}`
 
-* Get the current statuts of the user
+- Get the current statuts of the user
 
 `passwd -S`
 
-* Make the password of the account blank (it will set the named account passwordless)
+- Make the password of the account blank (it will set the named account passwordless)
 
 `passwd -d`

pages/common/pkill.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# pkill
+
+> Signal process by name
+> Mostly used for stopping processes
+
+- kill all processes which match
+
+`pkill -9 {{process_name}}`
+
+- send SIGUSR1 signal to processes which match
+
+`pkill -USR1 {{process_name}}`

pages/common/salt.md

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@
 
 - Execute a highstate on all connected minions:
 
-`salt '*' state.highstate
+`salt '*' state.highstate`
 
 - Upgrade packages using the OS package manager (apt, yum, brew) on a subset of minions
 
-`salt '*.domain.com' pkg.upgrade
+`salt '*.domain.com' pkg.upgrade`
 
 - Execute an arbitrary command on a particular minion:
 
-`salt '{{minion_id}}' cmd.run "ls "
+`salt '{{minion_id}}' cmd.run "ls "`

pages/common/sed.md

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@
 
 `sed 's/{{find}}/{{replace}}/g' {{filename}}`
 
-- replace all occurrences of a string in a file, and overwrite the file
-  contents
+- replace all occurrences of a string in a file, and overwrite the file contents
 
 `sed -i 's/{{find}}/{{replace}}/g' {{filename}}`
 

pages/common/sl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# sl
+
+> Steam locomotive running through your terminal.
+
+- Let a steam locomotive run through your terminal.
+
+`sl`
+
+- The train burns, people scream.
+
+`sl -a`
+
+- Let the train fly.
+
+`sl -F`

pages/common/strings.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# strings
+
+> Find printable strings in an object file or binary
+
+- Print all strings in a binary
+
+`strings {{file}}`
+
+- Limit results to strings at least *length* characters long
+
+`strings -n {{length}} {{file}}`
+
+- Prefix each result with its offset within the file
+
+`strings -t d {{file}}`
+
+- Prefix each result with its offset within the file in hexadecimal
+
+`strings -t x {{file}}`

pages/common/touch.md

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@
 
 > Change a file access and modification times (atime, mtime)
 
-- Create a new empty file(s) or change the times for existing file(s) to current time.`
+- Create a new empty file(s) or change the times for existing file(s) to current time
 
 `touch {{filename}}`
 
 - Set the times on a file to those specified
 
-`touch -t 201412250801.59 {{filename}}
-`touch -t {{YYYYMMDDHHMM.SS}} {{filename}}
+`touch -t 201412250801.59 {{filename}}`
+`touch -t {{YYYYMMDDHHMM.SS}} {{filename}}`
 
 - Set the times on a file to match those on second file
 

pages/common/vagrant.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# vagrant
+
+> Manage lightweight, reproducible, and portable development environments
+
+- Create Vagrantfile in current folder with the base Vagrant box
+
+`vagrant init`
+
+- Create Vagrantfile with the Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) box from HashiCorp Atlas
+
+`vagrant init ubuntu/trusty32`
+
+- Start and provision the vagrant environment
+
+`vagrant up`
+
+- Suspend the machine
+
+`vagrant suspend`
+
+- Connect to machine via SSH
+
+`vagrant ssh`

pages/common/virtualenv.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# virtualenv
+
+> Create virtual isolated Python environments
+
+- Create a new environment
+
+`virtualenv {{path/to/venv}}`
+
+- Start (select) the environment
+
+`source {{path/to/venv}}/bin/activate`
+
+- Stop the environment
+
+`deactivate`
+

pages/common/whoami.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# whoami
+
+> Show the username of the current user
+
+- Display currently logged user name
+
+`whoami`

pages/linux/apt-cache.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# apt-cache
+
+> Debian and Ubuntu package query tool
+
+- Search for a package in your current sources
+
+`apt-cache search {{query}}`
+
+- Show information about a package
+
+`apt-cache show {{package}}`
+
+- Show whether a package is installed and up to date
+
+`apt-cache policy {{package}}`

pages/linux/hostname.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # hostname
 
-Show or set the system's host name
+> Show or set the system's host name
 
 - Show current host name
 

pages/linux/shutdown.md

@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@
 
 `shutdown -r +{{5}} &`
 
+- Shutdown at 1:00 pm (Uses 24h clock)
+
+`shutdown -h 13:00`
+
 - Cancel a pending shutdown/reboot operation
 
 `shutdown -c`

pages/linux/ssh-copy-id.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# ssh-copy-id
+
+> Install your public key in a remote machine's authorized_keys.
+
+- Copy the given public key to the remote
+
+`ssh-copy-id -i {{path/to/certificate}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`
+
+- Copy the given public key to the remote with specific port
+
+`ssh-copy-id -i {{path/to/certificate}} -p {{port}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`

pages/linux/ulimit.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# ulimit
+
+> Get and set user limits
+
+- get the properties of all the user limits
+
+`ulimit -a`
+
+- get hard limit for the number of simultaneously opened files 
+
+`ulimit -H -n`
+
+- get soft limit for the number of simultaneously opened files 
+
+`ulimit -S -n` 
+
+- set max per-user process limit 
+
+`ulimit -u 30`

pages/linux/xrandr.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# xrandr
+
+> Set the size, orientation and/or reflection of the outputs for a screen
+
+- Display the current state of the system (known screens, resolutions, ...)
+
+`xrandr --query`
+
+- Disable disconnected outputs and enable connected ones with default settings
+
+`xrandr --auto`
+
+- Change the resolution and update frequency of DisplayPort 1 to 1920x1080, 60Hz
+
+`xrandr --output {{DP1}} --mode {{1920x1080}} --rate {{60}}`
+
+- Set the resolution of HDMI2 to 1280x1024 and put it on the right of DP1
+
+`xrandr --output {{HDMI2}} --mode {{1280x1024}} --right-of {{DP1}}`
+
+- Disable the VGA1 output
+
+`xrandr --output {{VGA1}} --off`

pages/osx/diskutil.md

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@
 
 `diskutil list`
 
-- Repair permissions on a volume
-
-`diskutil repairPermissions {{/Volumes/Name}}`
-
 - Repair the file system data structures of a volume
 
 `diskutil repairVolume {{/dev/diskX}}`

pages/osx/hostname.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # hostname
 
-Show or set the system's host name
+> Show or set the system's host name
 
 - Show current host name
 

pages/osx/mdfind.md

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 > List files matching a given query
 
-- Find a file by it's name
+- Find a file by its name
 
 `mdfind -name {{file}}`
 
-- Find a file by it's content
+- Find a file by its content
 
 `mdfind {{query}}`
 

pages/osx/netstat.md

@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@
 
 `netstat -p {PROTOCOL}`
 
-- List information continiously
+- List information continuously
 
 `netstat -c`