# chmod

> Change the access permissions of a file or directory.

- Give the [u]ser who owns a file the right to e[x]ecute it:

`chmod u+x {{file}}`

- Give the user rights to [r]ead and [w]rite to a file/directory:

`chmod u+rw {{file}}`

- Remove executable rights from the [g]roup:

`chmod g-x {{file}}`

- Give [a]ll users rights to read and execute:

`chmod a+rx {{file}}`

- Give [o]thers (not in the file owner's group) the same rights as the group:

`chmod o=g {{file}}`

- Change permissions [-R]ecursively giving the [u]ser [r]ead, [w]rite, and e[X]ecute rights, and give [g]roup and [o]thers [r]ead and e[X]ecute rights but not [-w]rite rights:

`chmod -R u+rwX,go+rX,go-w {{directory}}`