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dig

DNS Lookup utility.

Lookup the IP(s) associated with a hostname (A records):

dig +short {{hostname.com}}

Lookup the mail server(s) associated with a given domain name (MX record):

dig +short {{hostname.com}} MX

Get all types of records for a given domain name:

dig {{hostname.com}} ANY

Specify an alternate DNS server to query (8.8.8.8 is google's public DNS):

dig @{{8.8.8.8}} {{hostname.com}}

Perform a reverse DNS lookup on an IP address (PTR record):

dig -x {{8.8.8.8}}

Find authoritative name servers for the zone and display SOA records:

dig +nssearch {{hostname.com}}

Perform iterative queries and display the entire trace path to resolve a domain name:

dig +trace {{hostname.com}}