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hdparm

Get and set SATA and IDE hard drive parameters. More information: https://manned.org/hdparm.

Request the identification info of a given device:

sudo hdparm -I /dev/{{device}}

Get the Advanced Power Management level:

sudo hdparm -B /dev/{{device}}

Set the Advanced Power Management value (values 1-127 permit spin-down, and values 128-254 do not):

sudo hdparm -B {{1}} /dev/{{device}}

Display the device's current power mode status:

sudo hdparm -C /dev/{{device}}

Force a drive to immediately enter standby mode (usually causes a drive to spin down):

sudo hdparm -y /dev/{{device}}

Put the drive into idle (low-power) mode, also setting its standby timeout:

sudo hdparm -S {{standby_timeout}} {{device}}

Test the read speed of a specific device:

sudo hdparm -tT {{device}}