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# chmod
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> Change the access permissions of a file or directory.
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- Give the [u]ser who owns a file the right to e[x]ecute it:
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`chmod u+x {{file}}`
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- Give the user rights to [r]ead and [w]rite to a file/directory:
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`chmod u+rw {{file}}`
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- Remove executable rights from the [g]roup:
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`chmod g-x {{file}}`
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- Give [a]ll users rights to read and execute:
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`chmod a+rx {{file}}`
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- Give [o]thers (not in the file owner's group) the same rights as the group:
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`chmod o=g {{file}}`
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- Change permissions [-R]ecursively giving the [u]ser [r]ead, [w]rite, and e[X]ecute rights, and give [g]roup and [o]thers [r]ead and e[X]ecute rights but not [-w]rite rights:
`chmod -R u+rwX,go+rX,go-w {{directory}}`